新型空气净化器净化性能研究

To overcome the drawbacks of large pressure drop and high energy consumption because of the deposition of particulate pollutants on the surface of traditional filter-type air purifier, a novel air purifier was designed, with physical adsorption as the main principle of purification. The air purifier adopts a pleated flow channel, in which the air forms vortices that increase the contact between particulate pollutants and adsorption material, which improves the purification performance. The flow channel is parallel to the direction of airflow with small flow resistance and low energy consumption. On the basis of the national standard GB/T 18801-2015 “Air Purifier, ” an airtight experimental chamber with a volume of 2.94 m³ was built, and cigarette smoke was used as the particle pollution source. This study mainly investigated the influence of adsorption material, initial concentration of PM_2.5, and airflow rate on the purification performance of the novel air purifier. The results showed that the microstructure of the adsorption material plays a vital role in the purification performance. The multilayer dense fiber structure or the ultramicropore modified by the material has a good effect on the adsorption of particles, and the charge of the electret material can significantly improve the adsorption effect. Among the selected materials, HEPA exhibits the best purification performance. The adsorption effect of electrostatic nonwoven filter is obviously higher than that of regular nonwoven filter. The initial concentrations of PM_2.5 have no effect on the purification performance of the air purifier. With the increase in the airflow rate, the clean air delivery and removal rates increase, whereas the effective purification efficiency decreases. The experiment also compared the pressure drop and cleaning energy efficiency of the novel air purifier with different airflow rates. The pressure drop decreases with the decrease in the airflow rate, and the cleaning energy efficiency increases with the decrease in the airflow rate. When the airflow rate is 44.1 m³/h, the pressure drop is as low as 54 Pa, and the cleaning energy efficiency reaches 42 m³/(h•W), indicating that the as-designed air purifier is suitable for long-term operation at low airflow rate and has a good potential for application.