CO₂ utilization by reversible solid oxide cells towards carbon neutralization for long-term energy storage

With the explosive growth of intermittent renewable energy power and the global concerns on carbon neutralization, whether the carbon oxide (CO₂) could be utilized as a medium for high security and long-term power storage was attached a great attention. Reversible solid oxide cells (RSOCs) are promising for storage of renewable energy because of their highly efficient gas-to-power and power-to-gas conversion processes. RSOCs were used in this work for efficient CO₂ utilization under three operating conditions: CO₂ electrolysis under constant current, CO₂ electrolysis under pulsed current, and reversible operation with CO/CO₂ fuel. By analyzing the efficiency and durability of RSOCs in these three conditions and comparing them with those of other electrochemical energy storage methods, the advantages and the development prospects of RSOCs for energy storage and carbon neutralization are discussed, which provide a reference for large-scale long-term energy storage utilizing CO₂ in SOCs.